![]() Brattain was the experimental scientist in the team, specializing in the properties of semiconductor surfaces, a field to which he and Bardeen made significant contributions. Shockley and after almost two years of fruitless work –the details of which I described in the two articles mentioned above–, on December 16, 1947, they finally succeeded in making a transistor work for the first time in history. In 1945 he joined the group headed by William B. Shortly after, in 1929, he started work at Bell Telephone Laboratories, where he spent practically all his professional life, first in New York City and later in Murray Hill, New Jersey. He went on to obtain his doctorate from the University of Minnesota, after which he left the university in 1928 and joined the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). In 1920 he began his university studies in physics at Whitman College in Walla Walla (Washington State, USA). American physicist and Nobel prizewinnerīrattain was born in 1902 in Amoy (China), where his father was a professor of science, although shortly after in 1903 the family returned to the United States. ![]() The team formed by the three scientists was an almost perfect conjunction of different skills, all essential for the success of a project of this type: the experimental genius of Brattain, the technical rigor of Bardeen and the visionary daring of Shockley, the group leader. Walter Houser Brattain was the third member of the team at Bell Telephone Laboratories who succeeded in creating the first transistor in history, and while Shockley and Bardeen are relatively unknown, Brattain is even more so. In previous articles I described the biography of two of the creators of the transistor, William Shockley and John Bardeen, a device whose invention is now 70 years old in 2017. ![]()
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